China • Toy

Pekingese

A dignified little lion-dog of the Chinese court — devoted, independent, and quietly regal.

Weight7–14 lbs
Height6–9 in
Lifespan12–14 years
SizeSmall

Overview

Small, compact toy dog of Chinese nobility with a long, profuse double coat, distinctive flat-faced expression, rolling gait, and regal bearing originally bred for Chinese royalty

Best for

  • People who want a calm, loyal, low-exercise companion with a strong sense of self — quieter households, apartment dwellers, and owners who appreciate a dog with dignity rather than a bouncy pushover. The Pekingese suits those willing to commit to its coat and mindful of its flat-faced health needs.

May not suit

  • Active owners wanting a hiking or jogging partner, families with boisterous young children, or anyone unprepared for serious brachycephalic health care and heavy coat maintenance. This stubborn, heat-sensitive breed is not an easy first dog for those hoping for an eager-to-please, athletic companion.

History & Origins

Ancient breed developed in Chinese imperial court and held sacred in the Imperial Palace in Peking (now Beijing). Exclusively owned by royalty for over 1000 years until Western dogs were brought to England after British troops entered the Forbidden City in 1860 during the Opium Wars.

Characteristics & Traits

Apartment Living5 / 5
Families with Children2 / 5
First-Time Owners2 / 5
Other Dogs3 / 5
Alone Time Tolerance3 / 5
Shedding Level4 / 5
Grooming Needs5 / 5
Trainability2 / 5
Barking3 / 5
Prey Drive2 / 5
Energy Level2 / 5

Lifestyle

Apartment Living

5/5

Families with Children

2/5

First-Time Owners

2/5

Other Dogs

3/5

Alone Time Tolerance

3/5

Shedding Level

4/5

Grooming Needs

5/5

Behavior

Trainability

2/5

Barking

3/5

Prey Drive

2/5

Exercise

Energy Level

2/5

Exercise & Training

Aim for around 20–30 minutes of total activity per day. Gentle, low-intensity activity is all the Pekingese needs. Because of its flat face and heavy build, keep walks short and easy, and avoid any exertion in warm or humid weather.

Daily Walks by Living Situation

Apartment or Home Without a Backyard

2 walks / day

~12 min each

Two short, gentle strolls a day plus a little indoor pottering suit an apartment Pekingese perfectly. Keep the home cool and comfortable.

Home With a Backyard

2 walks / day

~12 min each

A shaded, secure garden is nice for gentle pottering, but the Pekingese must never be left outside in the heat and doesn't need vigorous yard exercise.

Daycare or Park Time?

Daycare is rarely a good fit for this calm, aloof breed. If used at all, it needs a quiet, small-group setting with careful attention to keeping it cool and away from boisterous dogs.

The Pekingese has a very flat face and struggles badly to cool itself. It is at serious risk of heatstroke in warm or humid weather. Keep it cool indoors, walk only in the cool of the day, always carry water, and never leave it in a warm car or stuffy room.

As a brachycephalic breed, the Pekingese is prone to breathing difficulties, and its prominent eyes are vulnerable to injury and ulcers. Watch for noisy or laboured breathing and any eye redness or discharge, and see your vet promptly.

The Pekingese has a heavy front and short legs and should not be over-exercised or encouraged to jump from furniture, which risks back and joint strain. Keep activity gentle and appropriate to its build.

Training

Clever but famously stubborn and independent, the Pekingese cooperates on its own terms — keep training short, calm, and rewarding rather than repetitive or forceful.

  • Keep sessions short, calm, and rewarding — the Pekingese is independent and will not respond to being bossed around.
  • Use gentle, positive methods and patience; this proud breed simply switches off if handled harshly.
  • Start house-training early with a strict routine, as small brachycephalic breeds can take longer to become reliable.
  • Socialise gently from puppyhood so the breed's natural aloofness with strangers doesn't tip into wariness.
  • Respect its dignity — reward cooperation rather than forcing it, and it will work with you far more willingly.

Motivate with something it values and end on a win; patience achieves far more than pressure with this proud breed.

For Pet Parents

The Pekingese wears a long, profuse, straight double coat with a thick mane around the neck and shoulders. It mats easily and needs daily brushing, while the flat face brings deep folds and prominent eyes that require daily cleaning and vigilance.

Difficulty: High

Grooming Commitment

The Pekingese is one of the higher-commitment small breeds for grooming. The long, thick double coat mats easily and needs daily brushing, while the deep facial folds and prominent eyes need daily cleaning to prevent infection and injury. Add careful dental care and heat management, and this becomes a genuinely hands-on routine.

At-Home Basics

Difficulty
High

Caring for Your Pekingese at Home

Brush every day

Work through the thick double coat daily, right down to the skin, to remove loose hair and prevent the mats that quickly form behind the ears, on the legs, and around the rear.

Clean the facial folds daily

Gently wipe the wrinkle across the nose and the folds around the face every day and dry them well, as trapped moisture and debris cause irritation and infection.

Care for the prominent eyes

Wipe gently around the large eyes each day and watch closely for redness, cloudiness, or discharge. These eyes are easily injured, so see your vet at the first sign of trouble.

Keep up dental care

Crowded teeth make dental disease common in this breed. Brush several times a week with dog toothpaste and keep up regular vet dental checks.

Mistakes to Avoid

  • Letting the thick coat go unbrushed until painful mats form close to the skin.
  • Leaving the facial folds damp or dirty, which quickly leads to skin irritation and infection.
  • Ignoring the eyes until a scratch or ulcer becomes serious — these prominent eyes need daily attention.
  • Exercising or leaving the dog in warm weather, risking dangerous heatstroke in this flat-faced breed.

When to Call in a Professional

Many owners book a professional groomer every four to six weeks to keep the heavy coat manageable, and a shorter trim can make daily care far easier. See your vet promptly for any eye trouble or breathing difficulty, and for professional dental cleaning as this breed is so prone to tooth problems.

Coat & Colors

Type
Long and thick
Family
Double coat
Undercoat
Yes
Shedding
High
Seasonal Change
Seasonal moults
Matting Risk
High

Common Problem Areas

Behind the earsManeRear and trousersFacial foldsLegs

Frequently Asked Questions

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